SINGAPORE – The labour market presented a complex yet optimistic scenario in the first quarter of 2024, with the period marked by both growth in job vacancies and a slight increase in unemployment.

As the Ministry of Manpower's latest report indicates, job vacancies rose to 81,900 in March from 79,800 in December 2023, suggesting a robust demand for labour despite the economic challenges.

Still a tight labour market for Singapore

This paradox in the labour market – where job vacancies increase alongside a marginal rise in unemployment – highlights the nuances of economic recovery in the post-pandemic era.

Still, the MOM is optimistic: “This reflects the improved economic prospects in 2024.”

The MOM describes the labour market as relatively tight, with more job openings than job seekers, a condition that should theoretically lead to lower unemployment rates.

However, the reality is more complicated, with some sectors showing faster recovery and growth than others.

The sectors driving this demand for labour are notably those associated with higher productivity and competitive wages, including health and social services, ICT, professional services, and financial and insurance services. These industries account for nearly one-third of all job vacancies, signalling a shift towards more knowledge-intensive and economically resilient jobs.

Despite the rise in vacancies, the ratio of job vacancies to unemployed persons has seen a slight decline from 1.74 in December 2023 to 1.56 in March 2024. This trend is attributed to the small increase in the number of unemployed individuals, underscoring the ongoing challenge of job matching across the economy. The issue isn't just about creating jobs but ensuring that the skills of the labour force align with the opportunities available.

The quantity and quality of jobs in Singapore

The MOM's report offers a cautiously optimistic outlook for Singapore's labour market. The focus is not only on job creation but also on enhancing the quality of employment, ensuring that job growth in high-potential sectors translates into sustainable employment opportunities for Singaporeans.

Reflecting on these trends, the labour market in Singapore is clearly at a crossroads, balancing between opportunity and the need for structural adjustments. The employment landscape requires both employers and employees to adapt, with businesses investing in areas that promise growth and workers upgrading their skills to meet new industry demands.

Closing the gap between job vacancies and unemployment

The government's role in this balancing act is critical. The MOM's active monitoring and intervention are essential to bridge the gap between job vacancies and unemployment. Policies aimed at training and reskilling, especially in high-growth sectors, could be pivotal in harnessing the full potential of the labour market.

Singapore's labour market dynamics are shaped by a dual trend of growth and adjustment. As the economy continues to recover and evolve, the interplay between creating high-quality job opportunities and enhancing the workforce's capabilities will dictate the pace and success of Singapore's economic resurgence.